![]() ![]() ![]() A pragmatic approach that may help the clinician tailor evaluation and management is provided. In this review, acquired and inherited causes of TMA are described with a focus on particularities of the main causes of TMA in children. TMA should also be considered in the setting of solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In children, apart from ruling out shigatoxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and other infection-associated TMA like Streptococcus pneumoniae-HUS, rare inherited causes including complement-associated HUS, cobalamin defects, and mutations in diacylglycerol kinase epsilon gene must be investigated. It comprises a spectrum of underlying etiologies that may differ in children and adults. ![]() The syndrome of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a clinical-pathological entity characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and end organ involvement. ![]()
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